Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Amir Alhaj Sakur ¹, Shaza Affas ¹

Affiliations
1 Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, University of Aleppo, SY

Abstract

Objective: Simple, sensitive and free- extraction spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of Sildenafil citrate (SIL) both in pure and in pharmaceutical forms. Methods: Two spectrophotometric methods are based on the formation of yellow colored ion-pair complexes between the studied drug and two sulphonphthalein acid dyes, bromocresol green (BCG)(method A) and bromothymol blue (BTB) (method B) with absorption maxima at 414 and 409 nm, respectively.

Results: The effects of analytical parameters on the reported systems were investigated. The complexation reactions were extremely rapid at room temperature and the absorption values remain unchanged up to 24h. Various analytical parameters have been evaluated and the results have been validated by statistical. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of (1.33 - 50) μg/ml for method A and (0.8 -27) μg/ml for method B, the limits of detection were 0.093 and 0.059 μg/ml and the molar absorptivity coefficients were 2.28×104 and 3.05 ×10⁴ L .moL^-1.cm^-1 for method A and B respectively.

Conclusion: The proposed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of commercial tablets containing the drugs. Two methods were free-extractive, rapid, and have high sensitivity comparing with other previous direct spectrophotometric methods. Interferences of the other ingredients and excipients were not observed.

Keywords

Spectrophotometry, Sildenafil Citrate, Bromocresol Green, Bromothymol Blue, Ion-Pair Complex.

Full Text

     

Hasna Mandil ¹, Amir Alhaj Sakur ², Ayman Adham Allabban ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, University of Aleppo, SY
2 Dept. of Analytical and Food Chemistry, University of Aleppo, SY
3 Dept. of Continuing Education, Drug Information Center, LB

Abstract

A simple, accurate, sensitive and reliable direct Spectrophotometric method have been developed, for the determination of Lansoprazole (LPZ) either in pure form or in pharmaceutical formulations by complex formation with Bromocresol Green (BCG). The method is based on the interaction of LPZ in dichloromethane (DCM) medium with acidic sulfonephthalein dye, namely, bromocresol green (BCG) to form stable, yellowcolored, ion-pair complex peaking at 417 nm. The variables were studied in order to optimize the reaction conditions. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 0.250-20.00 μg.mL^-1 with good correlation coefficient (R²= 0.9999). The relative standard deviation did not exceed 3.97%. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.033 and 0.101 μg.mL^-1, respectively. The molar absorptivity was calculated to be 2.3068×10⁴ L.mol^-1.cm^-1. The composition of the ion-pair complex was found to be 1:1 by Job's method of continuous variations and the conditional stability constant (β) of the complex has been calculated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of Lansoprazole either in pure form or in pharmaceutical formulations with good accuracy and precision. The results obtained by the proposed method were compared favorably with those of the reference method.

Keywords

Direct Spectrophotometric Method, Lansoprazole, Bromocresol Green, Ion–Pair Complex.

Full Text

     

Shaza Affas ¹, Amir Alhaj Sakur ¹

Affiliations
1 Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, University of Aleppo, SY

Abstract

This work presents a simple, reproducible, sensitive, generic and efficient method for simultaneous estimation. Vierordt’s method or simultaneous equation method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of two mixtures: Sildenafil and Duloxetine, Sildenafil and Fluoxetine, in the pure and pharmaceutical dosage form. The method was based on the measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths for each mixture in methanol. Calibration curves of all drugs were found to be linear. With good correlation coefficient values more than 0.99. The RSD values were found within limits and the recoveries ranging between 98 to 102% that confirms that the proposed method is accurate. This method for simultaneous estimation of these four mixtures is simple and economical and can be applied successfully for the simultaneous estimation of PDEs inhibitors and their combinations with some serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the pure and pharmaceuticals dosage forms.

Keywords

Simultaneous Estimation, Spectrophotometric, Vierordt’s Method, Sildenafil, Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors.

Full Text

     

Mohamad Kabaweh ¹, Amir Alhaj Sakur ²

Affiliations
1 Aleppo University, Department of Analytical Chemistry, SY
2 Aleppo University, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, SY

Abstract

A new, rapid, sensitive and easy RP-HPLC method has been developed for separation and simultaneous determination of guaifenesin (GU) and theophylline (THP) using hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) as internal standard. A BDS Hypersil column C18 150 x 4.6 mm, 5μm with mobile phase containing a mixture of aqueous sodium acetate solution and methanol (57:43), adjusted with acetic acid to a pH-5.0, flow rate 1.5 ml/min, UV detection was performed at a wavelength of 274 nm and injection volume was 10 μL. This method was applied, the first time as simple, rapid, accurate, precise and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of GU and THP either alone or in combination, in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations without interference with any excipient.

Keywords

Guaifenesin, Hydrochlorothiazide, RP-HPLC, Theophylline, Validation.

Full Text

     

Amir Alhaj Sakur ¹, Hashem A. Dabbeet ¹, Imad Noureldin ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Aleppo University, SY

Abstract

To investigate the ability of incorporating more than one ion pair in the same selective electrode's membrane, and so constructing an electrode sensitive to either Ciprofloxacin (CFX) or Metronidazole (MZL) according to the standard filling solution of the electrode, subsequently determine the two drugs CFX and MZL Simultaneously in their combined solutions, 3 PVC membrane drug selective sensors were constructed for CFX and MZL analysis intended. The electro active materials were CFX-Phosphotungstic Acid (CFX-PTA), MZL-Phosphotungstic Acid (MZL-PTA) and a composition of CFX-PTA+MZL-PTA. The characterization and analytical properties were determined, and the casting selective membranes of the selective electrodes were plasticized by di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP). Each of the assembled electrodes have internal reference Ag/AgCl electrode. Also, the gathered sensors have external reference Ag/AgCl electrode. The developed sensors showed near Nernstian response for ion pair percentages of 6%, and 7% for CFX-PTA, MZL-PTA, respectively. The electrodes demonstrated a rapid responses of 10-16 sec for a period of 13-15 days, with no changes that have meaningful results in the electrodes parameters. The suggested sensors have a measurement pH ranges 2.0-6.0 for CFX, and 2.0-5.0 for MZL without using any buffer. The sensors were used as indicator electrodes for direct determination of CFX and MZL in pharmaceutical preparations with mean relative standard deviation less than 2% that indicating good precision, as well as in pure form solutions with average recovery of 99.96%, 99.93% and 99.83% (CFX) or 99.88% (MZL) and a mean relative standard deviation of 0.05%, 0.18% and 0.06% (CFX) or 0.18% (MZL)% at 1 mM (367.8 μg/mL CFX, or 171.2 μg/mL MZL) for CFX-PTA, MZL-PTA, and CFX-PTA+MZL-PTA sensors respectively.

Keywords

Ion Selective Electrode, Novel Drug selective membrane, Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, Simultaneous Potentiometric Determination.

Full Text

     

Raghad Alkhalil ¹, Aya Attal ¹, Amir Alhaj Sakur ²

Affiliations
1 Chemistry Department, University of Aleppo, SY
2 Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, University of Aleppo, SY

Abstract

Objective: Simple, rabid and sensitive spectrophotometric method have been developed for the determination of Amlodipine Besylate (AMD) both in pure and in pharmaceutical forms. Methods: spectrophotometric method is based on the formation of chloroform extractable blue colored ion-pair complex between Amlodipine Besylate (AMD) and Amido Black (AB)with absorption maxima at 592 nm. Results: The effects of analytical parameters on the reported system were investigated. The complexation reaction was extremely rapid at room temperature and the absorption values remain unchanged up to 24h. Various analytical parameters have been evaluated and the results have been validated by statistical. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1.0-56 μg.ml^-1, the limit of detection was 0.16 μg.ml^-1 and the molar absorptivity coefficient was1.92×10⁴ L.moL^-1.cm^-1. Conclusion: The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of commercial dosage forms (tablets and capsules) containing the drugs with average recovery of 98.66–101.90% with RSD less than 3.84%. The method was chloroform-extractive, rapid, and have high sensitivity comparing with other previous spectrophotometric methods. Interferences of the other ingredients and excipients were not observed.

Keywords

Spectrophotometry, Amlodipine Besylate, Amido Black, Ion-pair Complex, Extractable Complex.

Full Text